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"Nearly Two-thirds of U.S. Adults Believe Human Beings Were Created by God" (press release)

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Press Release Source: Harris Interactive

Nearly Two-thirds of U.S. Adults Believe Human Beings Were Created by God
> <span class="tt">Wednesday July 6, 4:06 pm ET<span>

Opinions are divided about evolution theories

 

ROCHESTER, N.Y., July 6 /PRNewswire/ -- Earlier this year, the State Board of Education in Kansas reignited an old debate -- whether or not creationism should be taught in public schools -- and shone the spotlight on a new theory, intelligent design. While many in the scientific community may question why this issue has been raised again, a new national survey shows that almost two-thirds of U.S. adults (64%) agree with the basic tenet of creationism, that "human beings were created directly by God."

At the same time, approximately one-fifth (22%) of adults believe "human beings evolved from earlier species" (evolution) and 10 percent subscribe to the theory that "human beings are so complex that they required a powerful force or intelligent being to help create them" (intelligent design). Moreover, a majority (55%) believe that all three of these theories should be taught in public schools, while 23 percent support teaching creationism only, 12 percent evolution only, and four percent intelligent design only.

These are some of the results of a nationwide Harris Poll of 1,000 U.S. adults surveyed by telephone by Harris Interactive® between June 17 and 21, 2005.

 

    Other key findings include:
-- A majority of U.S. adults (54%) do not think human beings developed
from earlier species, up from 46 percent in 1994.
-- Forty-nine percent of adults believe plants and animals have evolved
from some other species while 45 percent do not believe that.
-- Adults are evenly divided about whether or not apes and man have a
common ancestry (46 percent believe we do and 47 percent believe we do
not).
-- Again divided, 46 percent of adults agree that "Darwin's theory of
evolution is proven by fossil discoveries," while 48 percent disagree.

Factors such as age, education, political outlook, and region appear to guide views on this debate.

 

    -- In general, older adults (those 55 years of age and older), adults
without a college degree, Republicans, conservatives, and Southerners
are more likely to embrace the creationism positions in the questions
asked.
-- Those with a college education, Democrats, independents, liberals,
adults aged 18 to 54 and those from the Northeast and West support the
belief in evolution in larger numbers. However, among these groups,
majorities believe in creationism.
-- Despite the significant numbers who believe in creationism, pluralities
among the demographic subgroups examined still believe all three
concepts (evolution, creationism, and intelligent design) should be
taught in public schools.
TABLE 1
DID HUMANS DEVELOP FROM EARLIER SPECIES?
"Do you think human beings developed from earlier species or not?"
Base: All Adults
March        June
1994        2005
%           %
Yes, I think human beings developed from
earlier species.                                       44          38
No, I do not think human beings developed
from earlier species.                                  46          54
Not sure/Decline to answer                             11           8
Note: Percentages may not add up exactly to 100% due to rounding
TABLE 2
PLANT AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT FROM OTHER SPECIES
"Do you believe all plants and animals have evolved from other species or
not?"
Base: All Adults
June
2005
%
Yes, I believe plants and animals have evolved from
some other species.                                    49
No, I do not believe plants and animals have evolved
from some other species.                               45
Not sure/Decline to answer                              7
Note: Percentages may not add up exactly to 100% due to rounding.
TABLE 3
DO MAN AND APES HAVE COMMON ANCESTRY?
"Do you believe apes and man have a common ancestry or not?"
Base: All Adults
July           June
1996           2005
%              %
Yes, apes and man do have a common ancestry.          51             46
No, apes and man do not have a common ancestry.       43             47
Not sure/Decline to answer                             5              7
Note: Percentages may not add up exactly to 100% due to rounding.
TABLE 4
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROVEN BY FOSSIL DISCOVERIES?
"Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following
statement: Darwin's theory of evolution is proven by fossil discoveries."
Base: All Adults
January          June
2004           2005
%              %
Agree (NET)                                           43             46
Strongly agree                                        19             15
Somewhat agree                                        24             30
Disagree (NET)                                        51             48
Somewhat disagree                                     16             19
Strongly disagree                                     35             29
Not Sure/Decline to answer                             6              6
TABLE 5
WHERE HUMANS COME FROM
"Which of the following do you believe about how human beings came to be?"
Base: All Adults
June
2005
%
Human beings evolved from earlier species.            22
Human beings were created directly by God.            64
Human beings are so complex that they required a
powerful force or intelligent being to help
create them.                                          10
Not sure/Decline to answer                             4
TABLE 6
EVOLUTION IN THE CLASSROOM

 

"Regardless of what you may personally believe, which of these do you believe

 

                     should be taught in public schools?"
Base: All Adults
June
2005
%
Evolution only: "Evolution says that human beings
evolved from earlier stages of animals."                  12
Creationism only: "Creationism says that human beings
were created directly by God."                            23
Intelligent design only: "Intelligent design says that
human beings are so complex that they required a
powerful force or intelligent being to help create them."  4
All three                                                 55
Neither                                                    3
Not sure/Decline to answer                                 3
TABLE 7
SUMMARY OF KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT HUMAN EVOLUTION- BY EDUCATION
Base: All Adults
Education
All        H.S.     Some     College    Post
Adults    or Less   College    Grad      Grad
(n=1,000)  (n=407)   (n=339)   (n=157)   (n=75)
%          %         %         %         %
Human Development from Earlier Species
Yes                 38        32        35        46        60
No                  54        59        56        46        33
PLANT AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Yes                 49        44        48        55        65
No                  45        48        45        39        32
MAN AND APES HAVE COMMON ANCESTRY
Yes                 46        46        41        53        57
No                  47        47        50        39        40
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROVEN BY FOSSIL EVIDENCE
Yes                 46        40        44        55        64
No                  48        51        51        39        34
HUMAN EVOLUTION
Belief in
evolution          22        17        21        31        35
Belief in
creationism        64        73        66        48        42
Belief in
intelligent
design             10         6        10        15        17
TABLE 8
SUMMARY OF KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT HUMAN EVOLUTION - BY PARTY ID AND POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHY
Base: All Adults
Party ID
All Adults  Republican     Democrat   Independent
(n=1,000)      (n=391)      (n=439)      (n=170)
%            %            %            %
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FROM EARLIER SPECIES
Yes                         38           27           48           36
No                          54           65           44           53
PLANT AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Yes                         49           37           61           47
No                          45           58           33           42
MAN AND APES HAVE COMMON ANCESTRY
Yes                         46           30           61           44
No                          47           62           32           47
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROVEN BY FOSSIL EVIDENCE
Yes                         46           37           55           43
No                          48           58           40           45
HUMAN EVOLUTION
Belief in evolution         22           16           27           25
Belief in creationism       64           73           58           57
Belief in intelligent
design                     10            9           11            7
Political Philosophy
Conservative      Moderate      Liberal
(n=538)         (n=103)       (n=359)
%               %             %
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FROM EARLIER SPECIES
Yes                                  25              40            56
No                                   65              52            37
PLANT AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Yes                                  38              50            65
No                                   53              46            31
MAN AND APES HAVE COMMON ANCESTRY
Yes                                  37              36            63
No                                   56              52            31
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROVEN BY FOSSIL EVIDENCE
Yes                                  36              40            62
No                                   58              43            35
HUMAN EVOLUTION
Belief in evolution                  16              22            32
Belief in creationism                75              63            48
Belief in intelligent design          7               4
TABLE 9
SUMMARY OF KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT HUMAN EVOLUTION - BY AGE AND REGION
Base: All Adults
All                       Age
Adults       18-34        35-54         55+
(n=1,000)     (n=258)      (n=374)      (n=340)
%            %            %            %
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FROM EARLIER SPECIES
Yes                         38           46           38           29
No                          54           46           53           61
PLANT AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Yes                         49           51           50           46
No                          45           45           44           46
MAN AND APES HAVE COMMON ANCESTRY
Yes                         46           57           45           39
No                          47           37           48           52
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROVEN BY FOSSIL EVIDENCE
Yes                         46           57           48           35
No                          48           41           44           58
HUMAN EVOLUTION
Belief in evolution         22           25           25           16
Belief in creationism       64           60           59           73
Belief in intelligent
design                     10           11            9            9
Region
Northeast     Midwest       South        West
(n=213)      (n=220)      (n=349)      (n=218)
%            %            %            %
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FROM EARLIER SPECIES
Yes                         52           37           28           41
No                          38           57           64           50
PLANT AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Yes                         63           47           41           51
No                          28           48           54           42
MAN AND APES HAVE COMMON ANCESTRY
Yes                         60           43           40           44
No                          32           50           52           48
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION PROVEN BY FOSSIL EVIDENCE
Yes                         58           43           36           52
No                          37           47           56           47
HUMAN EVOLUTION
Belief in evolution         30           17           17           28
Belief in creationism       52           72           71           56
Belief in intelligent
design                     13            9            8           10
Methodology

The Harris Poll® was conducted by telephone within the United States between June 17 and 21, 2005 among a nationwide cross section of 1,000 adults (aged 18 and over). Figures for sex, race, education, and region were weighted where necessary to align them with their actual proportions in the population.

In theory, with a probability sample of this size, one can say with 95 percent certainty that the overall results have a sampling error of plus or minus 3 percentage points of what they would be if the entire U.S. adult population had been polled with complete accuracy. Sampling error for the sub- sample results (as shown in the tables above) is higher and varies. Unfortunately, there are several other possible sources of error in all polls or surveys that are probably more serious than theoretical calculations of sampling error. They include refusals to be interviewed (nonresponse), question wording and question order, interviewer bias, weighting by demographic control data and screening (e.g., for likely voters). It is impossible to quantify the errors that may result from these factors.

These statements conform to the principles of disclosure of the National Council on Public Polls.

 

     J24642
Q900, Q905, Q910, Q915, Q920, Q925
The Harris Poll® #52, July 6, 2005
By Bill Dalbec, research director, Harris Interactive.
About Harris Interactive®

Harris Interactive Inc. (http://www.harrisinteractive.com), the 15th largest market research firm in the world, is a Rochester, NY-based global research company that blends premier strategic consulting with innovative and efficient methods of investigation, analysis and application. Known for The Harris Poll® and for pioneering Internet-based research methods, Harris Interactive conducts proprietary and public research to help its clients achieve clear, material and enduring results.

Harris Interactive combines its intellectual capital, databases and technology to advance market leadership through its U.S. offices and wholly owned subsidiaries, HI Europe in London (http://www.hieurope.com), Novatris in Paris (http://www.novatris.com), and through an independent global network of affiliate market research companies. EOE M/F/D/V.

To become a member of the Harris Poll Online(SM) and be invited to participate in future online surveys, http://www.harrispollonline.com.

 

     Press Contacts:
Nancy Wong
Harris Interactive
585-214-7316
Kelly Gullo
Harris Interactive
585-214-7172
Harris Interactive Inc. 7/05

 



Source: Harris Interactive
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